First, Ceramic and electrolytic capacitors are two types of capacitors used in electronic circuits. The ceramic capacitors, the two conductive plates are separated by a ceramic material , however the electrolytic capacitors, the two conductive plates are separated by an electrolyte and a metal oxide layer.
Second, ceramic capacitors don‘’t have polarity, their terminals can be interchanged.They are suitable for both ac and dc. They dont have any chemical reaction involved in their working.
Electrolytic capacitors have polarity. they have fixed positive and negative terminal. Suitable for dc only. Chemical reaction involves formation of aluminium oxide on the electrode.
Finally,Electrolytic capacitors have a large capacity, which means they can accumulate a large amount of energy. Ceramic capacitors are typically small and have small energy storage capacities.