When the computer motherboard is not energized for a long time, the electrolyte is likely to form a chemical reaction with alumina, causing an explosion when it is turned on or energized. If solid capacitors are used, such hidden dangers and dangers can be prevented.

The solid capacitor uses a conductive polymer product as the dielectric material. This material will not interact with alumina and will not explode after being energized. At the same time, it is a solid product, so naturally there is no explosion caused by thermal expansion. Up. Solid capacitors have excellent characteristics such as environmental protection, low impedance, high and low temperature stability, high ripple resistance and high reliability, and are the highest-end products among current electrolytic capacitor products. Since the characteristics of solid capacitors are far better than those of liquid aluminum capacitors, solid capacitors can withstand temperatures up to 260 degrees Celsius, and have good conductivity, frequency characteristics and life. They are suitable for low voltage and high current applications, and are mainly used in digital products such as thin DVD, Projector and industrial computer, etc.

Solid capacitors have a longer service life. At 105 degrees Celsius, the life of it and electrolytic capacitors is the same 2000 hours. After the temperature decreases, their life will increase, but the life of solid capacitors will increase even more. Generally, the operating temperature of capacitors is 70 degrees or more. Low. At this time, the life of solid capacitors may reach 23 years, which is almost 6 times that of electrolytic capacitors! We can understand that solid capacitors are of high quality. Generally speaking, more high-end computer motherboards use solid capacitors.

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The full name of the solid capacitor is the solid aluminum electrolytic capacitor. It is the highest-end capacitor except the tantalum capacitor. It uses a highly conductive molecular material, while the ordinary electrolytic capacitor uses an electrolyte.

2. What is the role of solid capacitors?

It can be said that the capacitor is the key to ensuring the quality of the motherboard and the graphics card, and it can also be said to be the focus of measuring the workmanship of the board. Whether it is a popular solid capacitor or an electrolytic capacitor scolded by many netizens, their role is the same. The role of capacitors in the motherboard and graphics card is mainly to ensure the stability of voltage and current (playing a filtering role).

The main function of the capacitor is to further filter some current spikes and clutter, so as to ensure the stability of the power supply of each part. The function of the capacitor is similar to that of a reservoir. It will release water when the water flow is large, and will store water when the water flow is small, so as to ensure the balance of the water storage in the reservoir.

3. How to distinguish solid capacitors?

Solid capacitors use different dielectrics. They use polymer materials instead of electrolytes. In fact, they are easy to distinguish from their appearance. However, there are some special cases. Generally speaking, electrolytic capacitors use plastic wraps to wrap capacitors, while solid capacitors are Wrapped in an aluminum shell, there are of course some individual examples. For example, the famous Sanyo OSCON solid capacitor uses a purple plastic wrapper.

At present, some aluminum shell capacitors that appear on low-end motherboards and graphics cards also use electrolytes, but they are wrapped in aluminum shells, which makes people mistaken for solid capacitors. Here we need to see if there is a cross or K on the capacitor. The explosion-proof pattern of the word. If there is an explosion proof pattern, it should not be a solid capacitor.

Four, the advantages of solid capacitors

1. Eliminate the phenomenon of explosion. The electrolyte of the electrolytic capacitor is a liquid electrolyte, and the liquid particles are very active at high temperature, which generates pressure on the inside of the capacitor, and its boiling point is not very high, so it may occur slushing. The solid capacitor uses a polymer dielectric, solid particles in At high temperatures, whether the particles are swollen or less active than the liquid electrolyte, its boiling point is as high as 350 degrees Celsius, so it is almost impossible to burst the possibility.

Second, solid capacitors have better performance in terms of equivalent series impedance than traditional electrolytic capacitors. According to tests, the equivalent series resistance of solid capacitors is extremely small during high-frequency operation, and the conductivity frequency is extremely good. It has the characteristics of lowering electrical impedance and lower heat output. It is most obvious between 100KHz and 10MHz. The traditional electrolytic capacitors are more easily affected by the temperature and humidity of the use environment, and are slightly inferior in high and low temperature stability. Even at 55 degrees Celsius to 105 degrees Celsius, the ESR electrical impedance of solid capacitors can reach 0.1 to 0.3 ohms, but electrolytic capacitors will change due to temperature.

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(1) First, put the multimeter in the resistance file
(2) Using the two test leads of the multimeter to contact the two ends of the electrolytic capacitor
At this time, the pointer of the multimeter will be deflected clockwise to the right. When the pointer is deflected to a certain position, the pointer of the multimeter stays slightly, and then slowly deflects to the left until it returns to zero.
(3) Then reverse the two test leads of the multimeter and press (2) to test again.
If the two measurements are the same (2), it means that the electrolytic capacitor is good.

If the following two conditions occur in the measurement, the electrolytic capacitor is bad:

(1) Electrolytic capacitor breakdown short circuit
When measuring, when the two pens of the multimeter are used to contact both ends of the electrolytic capacitor, the pointer of the multimeter will be deflected clockwise to the right. When the pointer is deflected to a certain position, the pointer of the multimeter is slightly stopped, and then the pointer of the multimeter Will slowly deflect to the left, if you find that the pointer of the multimeter can not be deflected to the left, which means that the electrolytic capacitor has been internally broken through the short circuit, such electrolytic capacitor can not be used.

(2) Electrolytic capacitor leakage
When measuring, when the two pens of the multimeter are used to contact both ends of the electrolytic capacitor, the pointer of the multimeter will be deflected clockwise to the right. When the pointer is deflected to a certain position, the pointer of the multimeter is slightly stopped, and then the pointer of the multimeter Will slowly deflect to the left, if you find that the pointer of the multimeter can slowly deflect to the left but can not return to zero, which means that the internal leakage of the electrolytic capacitor, such electrolytic capacitor can not be used.

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Solid capacitor (Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitor) can continue to work stably in high temperature environments. Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors can directly improve the performance of the motherboard. At the same time, it is suitable for power supply filtering due to its stable impedance over a wide temperature range. It can effectively provide a stable and abundant power supply, which is especially important in overclocking.

Solid capacitors still work well in high temperature environments, maintaining a variety of electrical performance. Its capacitance does not vary by more than 15% over the full temperature range, significantly better than liquid electrolytic capacitors. At the same time, the capacitance of the solid electrolytic capacitor is basically independent of its working voltage, thus ensuring its stable operation in a voltage fluctuation environment.

2. Long life

Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors have an extremely long service life (more than 50 years of service life). Compared with liquid aluminum electrolytic capacitors, it can be counted as “long life”. It will not be broken down, and there is no need to worry about the electrolyte electrolyte drying and leakage affecting the stability of the motherboard. Due to the lack of liquid electrolyte problems, solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors make the motherboard more stable and reliable.

Solid electrolytes do not evaporate and even burn like liquid electrolytes in high heat environments. Even if the temperature of the capacitor exceeds its tolerance, the solid electrolyte is only melted, which does not cause the capacitor metal casing to burst and is therefore safe.

The working temperature directly affects the life of the electrolytic capacitor. The solid electrolytic capacitor and the liquid electrolytic capacitor have a significantly longer life in different temperature environments.

3. Low ESR and high rated ripple current

ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) refers to the series equivalent resistance, which is a very important indicator of capacitance. The lower the ESR, the faster the capacitor charge and discharge. This performance directly affects the decoupling performance of the microprocessor power supply circuit. The advantages of the low ESR characteristics of the solid electrolytic capacitor in the high frequency circuit are more obvious. It can be said that the low ESR characteristic at high frequencies is a watershed between the performance difference between solid electrolytic capacitors and liquid capacitors. Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors have very low ESR with very little energy dissipation. The extremely low ESR characteristics of solid capacitors under high temperature, high frequency and high power operating conditions can fully absorb the high amplitude voltage generated between the power lines in the circuit to prevent its interference with the system.

At present, the CPU power consumption is very large, the main frequency has far exceeded 1GHz, and the peak current of the CPU reaches 80A or more, and the output filter capacitor is close to the working critical point. On the other hand, the CPU uses a variety of operating modes, most of which are in the conversion process of the operating mode. When the CPU changes from a low-power state to a full-load state, the large amount of energy required for the instantaneous (usually less than 5 milliseconds) switching of the CPU comes from the capacitance in the CPU power supply circuit. At this time, the high-speed charge and discharge characteristics of the solid capacitor can be instantaneous. Output high peak current to ensure sufficient power supply and ensure stable CPU operation.

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